NUMERUS CLAUSUS ВЕЩНЫХ ПРАВ:
ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЕ И ОБОСНОВАНИЕ
ДОГМАТИЧЕСКОЙ КОНСТРУКЦИИ

 

А.Д. АЛДОШКИНА,
магистр частного права (Российская школа частного права)

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DOI: 10.24031/1992-2043-2020-20-4-45-93

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В статье рассматривается генезис фундаментального вещно-правового принципа – принципа numerus clausus и его отражение в законодательстве и судебной практике различных правопорядков. Критически осмыслены основные подходы к обоснованию необходимости ограничения перечня вещных прав. Продемонстрировано амбивалентное отношение к принципу numerus clausus вещных прав, когда его догматическая строгость на практике сталкивается с многочисленными исключениями, связанными с социально-экономическими запросами общества. Сделан вывод о необходимости развивать тенденцию по смягчению императивного характера регулирования вещных прав и об отходе от аксиоматичных представлений о рассматриваемом в статье явлении.
 

Ключевые слова: numerus clausus; numerus apertus; вещные права; принципы вещного права; закрытый перечень вещных прав; субъективное право; право собственности.

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References

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Information about the author

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Aldoshkina A.D. (Moscow, Russia) – Master of Law (Russian School of Private Law) (8 Ilyinka St., Bldg. 2, Moscow, 103132, Russia; e-mail: annaldoshkina@yandex.ru).

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NUMERUS CLAUSUS OF PROPERTY RIGHTS:
THE ORIGIN AND RATIONALE FOR THE DOGMATIC
PHENOMENON

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A.D. ALDOSHKINA,
Master of Law (Russian School of Private Law)

​

DOI: 10.24031/1992-2043-2020-20-4-45-93

​

The article examines the genesis of the fundamental property-legal principle – the principle of numerus clausus, and its reflection in the legislation and judicial practice of various legal orders. The main approaches to substantiating the need to limit the list of property rights are critically considered. An ambivalent attitude towards the principle of numerus clausus of property rights is demonstrated when its dogmatic rigidity in practice encounters with many exceptions in connection with the socio-economic demands of society. The conclusion about the need to develop a tendency to soften the imperative regulation of property rights and a departure from axiomatic ideas about the phenomenon considered in the article.

Keywords: numerus clausus; numerus apertus; property rights; principles of property rights; closed list of property rights; subjective law; ownership.

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References

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[Dernburg G. Pandects. In 3 vols. Vol. 1. Part 2: Property Law / Ed. by A.F. Meindorf]
(in Russian). St. Petersburg: s.n., 1905.
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and Foreign Countries] (in Russian) // Civil Law Review. 2010. Vol. 10. No. 6.
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реализация в современном законодательстве и правоприменительной деятель-
ности [Makhinya E.A. The Principle of a Closed List (Numerus Clause) of Property
Rights and Its Implementation in the Modern Legislation and Law Enforcement]
(in Russian) // Perm University Review. Legal Sciences. 2015. No. 4(30).
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Main Problems of Civil Law] (in Russian). St. Petersburg: Law, 1917.
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трине некоторых государств континентальной Европы [Sinitsyn S.A. Closed List of
Absolute Rights in the Legislation and Doctrine of Some Continental European Countries]
(in Russian) // Journal of Foreign Law and Comparative Law. 2014. No. 2.
Суханов Е.А. Вещное право: научно-познавательный очерк [Sukhanov E.A. Property
Law: A Scientific and Educational Essay] (in Russian). Moscow: Statut, 2017.
Суханов Е.А. О понятии и видах вещных прав в российском гражданском
праве [Sukhanov E.A. On the Concept and Types of Property Rights in the Russian
Civil Law] (in Russian) // Journal of Russian Law. 2006. No. 12.
Третьяков С.В. Юридическое господство над объектом как догматическая
конструкция континентальной цивилистики [Tretyakov S.V. Legal Dominance
over an Object as a Dogmatic Construction of Continental Civil Law] (in Russian) //
Гражданское право: современные проблемы науки, законодательства, практи-
ки: сборник статей к юбилею Е.А. Суханова [Civil Law: Modern Problems of Science,
Legislation, Practice: Collection of Articles for the Anniversary of E.A. Sukhanov].
Moscow: Statut, 2018.
Церковников М.А. Приобретение права собственности на движимые вещи
посредством соглашения: французский и российский опыт [Tserkovnikov M.A.
Acquisition of Ownership of Movable Property through an Agreement: French and
Russian Experience] (in Russian) // Civil Law Review. 2009. Vol. 9. No. 3.
Чупрунов А.С. Гражданско-правовая ответственность за вмешательство третье-
го лица в договорные отношения [Chuprunov A.S. Civil Liability for Interference by
a Third Party in a Contractual Relationship] (in Russian) // Договоры и обязатель-
ства: сборник работ выпускников Российской школы частного права / сост. и отв.
ред. А.В. Егоров. Т. 3 [Agreements and Obligations: Collection of Works by Graduates of
the Russian School of Private Law / Ed. by A.V. Egorov. Vol. 3]. Moscow: RSPL, 2019.
Шабас В.М. Теоретическая модель собственности в американской юриспру-
денции: очерк одной метафоры [Shabas V.M. A Theoretical Model of Property in
American Jurisprudence: An Outline of a Metaphor] (in Russian) // Civil Law
Review. 2014. Vol. 14. No. 2.
Шеллинг Ф.В.Й. Сочинения: в 2 т. Т. 2. [Schelling F.W.Y. Works: in 2 vol. Vol. 2]
(in Russian). Moscow: Mysl, 1987.
Akkermans B. The New Dutch Civil Code: The Borderline Between Property and
Contract // Towards a Unified System of Land Burdens? / Ed. by S. van Erp, B. Akkermans.
Antwerpen; Oxford: Intersentia, 2006.
Akkermans B. The Principle of Numerus Clausus in European Property Law.
Antwerpen: Intersentia, 2008.
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Cambridge University Press, 2012.
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Information about the author

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Aldoshkina A.D. (Moscow, Russia) – Master of Law (Russian School of Private Law) (8 Ilyinka St., Bldg. 2, Moscow, 103132, Russia; e-mail: annaldoshkina@yandex.ru).

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