ПРАВОВАЯ ПРИРОДА СТРАХОВАНИЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ ЗА НАРУШЕНИЕ ДОГОВОРА
https://doi.org/10.24031/1992-2043-2023-23-1-109-135
В статье автор анализирует правовую природу страхования договорной ответственности, критикует дихотомию такого страхования, закрепленную в российском законодательстве, оценивает допустимость квалификации страхования договорной ответственности в качестве обеспечительной сделки. По итогу проведенного исследования установлено, что основание возникновения гражданской ответственности само по себе исторически не имело и не имеет правового значения для становления и развития этого правового института. Такое страхование, хотя и выполняет обеспечительную функцию в экономическом смысле, не может быть квалифицировано как обеспечительная сделка, так как не гарантирует безусловное получение удовлетворения кредитором страхователя в случае нарушения обязательства последним.
Ключевые слова: страхование ответственности; виды страхования; способы обеспечения исполнения обязательств; взаимосвязанные договоры; гражданская ответственность.
References
Agarkov M.M. Selected works on Civil law. in 2 vols. vol. 2: The General Doctrine of Obligations and its individual Types. Moscow: Statut, 2012. (in Russ.)
Arkhipova A.G. is insurance a way to Secure Obligations? Bulletin of Economic Justice of the Russian Federation. 2018. No. 8. (in Russ.)
Arkhipova A.G. is it worth it to Oppose Each Other Two Types of liability insurance Bulletin of Economic Justice of the Russian Federation. 2018. No. 1. (in Russ.)
Bevzenko R.S. accessory Nature of Security Obligations: European legal Tradi- tion and Russian Practice. Civil Law Review. 2012. No. 5. (in Russ.)
Billah M.М. Effects of insurance on Maritime liability law: a legal and Economic analysis. Heidelberg: Springer, 2014.
Bormotov A.V. liability insurance Under the Contract as a way to Ensure the Fulfill- ment of Obligations. Bulletin of Perm University. Legal Sciences. 2010. No. 3. (in Russ.)
Bormotov A.V. Security Function of an insurance Contract in Russian Civil law: Thesis for a Candidate Degree in law Sciences. Perm, 2011. (in Russ.)
Brox H., Walker W.D. allgemeines Schuldrecht. München: C.H. Beck, 2018.
Bydlinski F. Basic Provisions of the Doctrine of the legal Method. Civil Law Review. 2006. No. 1, 2; 2007. No. 1. (in Russ.)
Clarke M. Policies and Perceptions of insurance law in the Twenty-First Centu- ry. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
Ehrenberg V. versicherungsrecht. leipzig, 1893.
Fogelson Iu.B. insurance law: Theoretical Foundations and Practice of applica- tion: Monograph. Moscow: Norma; infra-M, 2021. (in Russ.)
Gongalo B.M. The Doctrine of Securing Obligations. Questions of Theory and Practice. Moscow: Statut, 2004. (in Russ.)
Gribanov V.P. implementation and Protection of Civil Rights. Moscow: Statut, 2000. (in Russ.)
Guna A.N. The Doctrine of linked Contracts: a Comparative legal Study. Bulle- tin of Economic Justice of the Russian Federation. 2021. No. 11. (in Russ.)
Ioffe O.S. Selected works. in 4 vols. vol. 1. St. Petersburg: iuridicheskii tsentr Press, 2003. (in Russ.)
Karapetov A.G. (ed.). Contractual and Obligation law (General Part): article- by-article Commentary on articles 307–453 of the Civil Code of the Russian Fed- eration [Electronic Edition. Revision 1.0]. Moscow: M-logos, 2017. (in Russ.)
Karapetov A.G. Economic analysis of law. Moscow: Statut, 2016.
Keeton R.E., Widiss A.I., Fisher J.M. insurance law: a Guide to Fundamental Prin- ciples, legal Doctrines, and Commercial Practices. 2nd ed. St. Paul: west Аcademic Publishing, 2017.
Khudyakov A.I. Theory of insurance. Moscow: Statut, 2010.
Khvostov V.M. Roman legal System. Moscow: iurait, 2021. (in Russ.)
Kozinov A.E. insured Event in Civil liability insurance. Laws of Russia: Experience, Analysis, Practice. 2010. No. 11. (in Russ.)
Kozyr O.M., Makovskii A.L., Khokhlov S.A. (eds.). Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Part Two: Text, Comments, alphabetical index. Moscow: international Cen- ter for Financial and Economic Development, 1996. (in Russ.)
Krasavchikov O.A. (ed.). Soviet Civil law: Textbook. in 2 vols. vol. 1. 3rd ed. Moscow: vysshaia shkola, 1985. (in Russ.)
Krasheninnikov P.V. (ed.). article-by-article Commentary to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Part Two. in 3 vols. vol. 3. Moscow: Statut, 2011. (in Russ.) Kuballa M. Darlehens- und Restschuldversicherungsvertrag als verbundene
verträge. Berlin, 2013.
Leibl K. Die juristische Natur der Haftpflichtversicherung. wien, 1898.
Manes A. Die Geschichte der deutschen Haftpflichtversicherung. leipzig, 1902.
Manes A. Fundamentals of the insurance Business. St. Petersburg: M.v. Keched- zhi-Shapovalov’s Edition, 1909. (in Russ.)
McNeely M.C. illegality as a Factor in liability insurance. Columbia Law Review. 1941. vol. 41.
Nozhkina A.A. liability insurance Under the Contract: Thesis for a Candidate Degree in law Sciences. Moscow, 2014. (in Russ.)
Oetker H., Maultzsch F. vertragliche Schuldverhältnisse. Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer, 2007.
Pakhman S.V.; Tomsinov V.A. (ed.). Ordinary Civil law in Russia. Moscow: Zert- salo, 2003. (in Russ.)
Raikher V.K. Socio-Historical Types of insurance Moscow; leningrad: Publishing House of the academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1947. (in Russ.)
Serebrovskii V.I. Selected works on inheritance and insurance law (SPS “Con- sultantPlus”). (in Russ.)
Sergeev A.P. (ed.). Commentary on the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Part Three: Educational and Practical Commentary (article-by-article). Moscow: Prospekt, 2011. (in Russ.)
Shirvindt A.M. Commentary on the Resolution of the Presidium of the Supreme arbitration Court of the Russian Federation of 13 april 2010 No. 16996/09. in legal Positions of the Presidium of the Supreme arbitration Court of the Russian Federation: Selected Resolutions for 2010 with Comments. Moscow: Statut, 2015. (in Russ.)
Stepin M.G. insurance as a way to Ensure the Fulfillment of Obligations. Law and Economics. 2019. No. 8. (in Russ.)
Stockmeier Н. Privathaftpflichtversicherung: Kommentar zu den avB PHv. München: C.H. Beck, 2019.
Sukhanov E.A. (ed.). Civil law: Textbook. in 4 vols. vol. 1, 3, 4. 2nd ed. Moscow: Statut, 2020. (in Russ.)
Yeager D.B. insurance law: Public Policy Permits insuring against One’s Own intentional acts of Discrimination. University of Florida Law Review. 1987. vol. 39.
Information about the author
Yablunovskaya A.M. (Moscow, Russia) – PhD Student, Department of Civil law, Faculty of law, lomonosov Moscow State University (1, Bldg. 13 leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia; e-mail: yablunovskaya0796@gmail.com).
THE LEGAL NATURE OF LIABILITY INSURANCE FOR BREACH OF CONTRACT
https://doi.org/10.24031/1992-2043-2023-23-1-109-135
In the article, the author analyzes the legal nature of contractual liability insurance, criticizes the dichotomy of such insurance, enshrined in Russian legislation, assesses the permissibility of qualifying contractual liability insurance as a security transaction. According to the results of the conducted research, it was found that the basis for the emergence of civil liability in itself has not historically had and has no legal significance for the formation and development of this legal institution. Such insurance, although it performs a security function in the economic sense, cannot be qualified as a security transaction, because it does not guarantee unconditional satisfaction by the creditor of the policyholder in case of violation of the obligation by the policyholder.
Keywords: liability insurance; types of insurance; security transactions; linked contracts; civil liability.
References
Agarkov M.M. Selected works on Civil law. in 2 vols. vol. 2: The General Doctrine of Obligations and its individual Types. Moscow: Statut, 2012. (in Russ.)
Arkhipova A.G. is insurance a way to Secure Obligations? Bulletin of Economic Justice of the Russian Federation. 2018. No. 8. (in Russ.)
Arkhipova A.G. is it worth it to Oppose Each Other Two Types of liability insurance Bulletin of Economic Justice of the Russian Federation. 2018. No. 1. (in Russ.)
Bevzenko R.S. accessory Nature of Security Obligations: European legal Tradi- tion and Russian Practice. Civil Law Review. 2012. No. 5. (in Russ.)
Billah M.М. Effects of insurance on Maritime liability law: a legal and Economic analysis. Heidelberg: Springer, 2014.
Bormotov A.V. liability insurance Under the Contract as a way to Ensure the Fulfill- ment of Obligations. Bulletin of Perm University. Legal Sciences. 2010. No. 3. (in Russ.)
Bormotov A.V. Security Function of an insurance Contract in Russian Civil law: Thesis for a Candidate Degree in law Sciences. Perm, 2011. (in Russ.)
Brox H., Walker W.D. allgemeines Schuldrecht. München: C.H. Beck, 2018.
Bydlinski F. Basic Provisions of the Doctrine of the legal Method. Civil Law Review. 2006. No. 1, 2; 2007. No. 1. (in Russ.)
Clarke M. Policies and Perceptions of insurance law in the Twenty-First Centu- ry. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
Ehrenberg V. versicherungsrecht. leipzig, 1893.
Fogelson Iu.B. insurance law: Theoretical Foundations and Practice of applica- tion: Monograph. Moscow: Norma; infra-M, 2021. (in Russ.)
Gongalo B.M. The Doctrine of Securing Obligations. Questions of Theory and Practice. Moscow: Statut, 2004. (in Russ.)
Gribanov V.P. implementation and Protection of Civil Rights. Moscow: Statut, 2000. (in Russ.)
Guna A.N. The Doctrine of linked Contracts: a Comparative legal Study. Bulle- tin of Economic Justice of the Russian Federation. 2021. No. 11. (in Russ.)
Ioffe O.S. Selected works. in 4 vols. vol. 1. St. Petersburg: iuridicheskii tsentr Press, 2003. (in Russ.)
Karapetov A.G. (ed.). Contractual and Obligation law (General Part): article- by-article Commentary on articles 307–453 of the Civil Code of the Russian Fed- eration [Electronic Edition. Revision 1.0]. Moscow: M-logos, 2017. (in Russ.)
Karapetov A.G. Economic analysis of law. Moscow: Statut, 2016.
Keeton R.E., Widiss A.I., Fisher J.M. insurance law: a Guide to Fundamental Prin- ciples, legal Doctrines, and Commercial Practices. 2nd ed. St. Paul: west Аcademic Publishing, 2017.
Khudyakov A.I. Theory of insurance. Moscow: Statut, 2010.
Khvostov V.M. Roman legal System. Moscow: iurait, 2021. (in Russ.)
Kozinov A.E. insured Event in Civil liability insurance. Laws of Russia: Experience, Analysis, Practice. 2010. No. 11. (in Russ.)
Kozyr O.M., Makovskii A.L., Khokhlov S.A. (eds.). Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Part Two: Text, Comments, alphabetical index. Moscow: international Cen- ter for Financial and Economic Development, 1996. (in Russ.)
Krasavchikov O.A. (ed.). Soviet Civil law: Textbook. in 2 vols. vol. 1. 3rd ed. Moscow: vysshaia shkola, 1985. (in Russ.)
Krasheninnikov P.V. (ed.). article-by-article Commentary to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Part Two. in 3 vols. vol. 3. Moscow: Statut, 2011. (in Russ.) Kuballa M. Darlehens- und Restschuldversicherungsvertrag als verbundene
verträge. Berlin, 2013.
Leibl K. Die juristische Natur der Haftpflichtversicherung. wien, 1898.
Manes A. Die Geschichte der deutschen Haftpflichtversicherung. leipzig, 1902.
Manes A. Fundamentals of the insurance Business. St. Petersburg: M.v. Keched- zhi-Shapovalov’s Edition, 1909. (in Russ.)
McNeely M.C. illegality as a Factor in liability insurance. Columbia Law Review. 1941. vol. 41.
Nozhkina A.A. liability insurance Under the Contract: Thesis for a Candidate Degree in law Sciences. Moscow, 2014. (in Russ.)
Oetker H., Maultzsch F. vertragliche Schuldverhältnisse. Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer, 2007.
Pakhman S.V.; Tomsinov V.A. (ed.). Ordinary Civil law in Russia. Moscow: Zert- salo, 2003. (in Russ.)
Raikher V.K. Socio-Historical Types of insurance Moscow; leningrad: Publishing House of the academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1947. (in Russ.)
Serebrovskii V.I. Selected works on inheritance and insurance law (SPS “Con- sultantPlus”). (in Russ.)
Sergeev A.P. (ed.). Commentary on the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Part Three: Educational and Practical Commentary (article-by-article). Moscow: Prospekt, 2011. (in Russ.)
Shirvindt A.M. Commentary on the Resolution of the Presidium of the Supreme arbitration Court of the Russian Federation of 13 april 2010 No. 16996/09. in legal Positions of the Presidium of the Supreme arbitration Court of the Russian Federation: Selected Resolutions for 2010 with Comments. Moscow: Statut, 2015. (in Russ.)
Stepin M.G. insurance as a way to Ensure the Fulfillment of Obligations. Law and Economics. 2019. No. 8. (in Russ.)
Stockmeier Н. Privathaftpflichtversicherung: Kommentar zu den avB PHv. München: C.H. Beck, 2019.
Sukhanov E.A. (ed.). Civil law: Textbook. in 4 vols. vol. 1, 3, 4. 2nd ed. Moscow: Statut, 2020. (in Russ.)
Yeager D.B. insurance law: Public Policy Permits insuring against One’s Own intentional acts of Discrimination. University of Florida Law Review. 1987. vol. 39.
Information about the author
Yablunovskaya A.M. (Moscow, Russia) – PhD Student, Department of Civil law, Faculty of law, lomonosov Moscow State University (1, Bldg. 13 leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia; e-mail: yablunovskaya0796@gmail.com).